The 6 Principles of Information Design

Information design is the practice of presenting data and ideas so that they are easy to grasp and use. Whether you are designing a report, a dashboard, or an infographic, these six principles will help you communicate more effectively.

First, know your audience. What do they need to understand, and what is their level of expertise? Second, reduce clutter. Every element should earn its place. Third, create a clear hierarchy: use size, weight, and position to guide the eye to the most important information first.

Fourth, choose the right format. Tables, charts, and text each have strengths. Fifth, use consistent visual language—colors, type, and spacing—so that the reader is not confused. Sixth, test with real users. What seems obvious to you may not be to others.

Applying these principles will make your documents and presentations more professional and easier to act on.